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Climate Change Politics in the U.S. - From Rio to Johannesburg

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Without the United States, and because the rules have been relaxed in the Bonn and Marrakech bargaining, the Kyoto protocol will have only a modest impact on worldwide emissions...

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One year ago international negotiations on climate change were expected to cease after the decision of President Bush to reject the Kyoto Protocol as "fatally flawed".

Despite the Bush administration's position, the rest of the world agreed at the sixth UNFCCC1 Conference of the Parties (COP6) in Bonn to push ahead without the United States, and a number of decisions were adopted at COP7 in Marrakech in November 2001. It allows for an imminent ratification of the Kyoto protocol before the Johannesburg summit in spite of Canada's understandable reluctance.

Nevertheless the goal set by the Convention of Climate Change will not be reached unless the United States participates fully in the international effort.

 

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Climate Change Politics in the U.S. - From Rio to Johannesburg

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Climate & Energy
Center for Energy & Climate
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Ifri's Energy and Climate Center carries out activities and research on the geopolitical and geoeconomic issues of energy transitions such as energy security, competitiveness, control of value chains, and acceptability. Specialized in the study of European energy/climate policies as well as energy markets in Europe and around the world, its work also focuses on the energy and climate strategies of major powers such as the United States, China or India. It offers recognized expertise, enriched by international collaborations and events, particularly in Paris and Brussels.

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Brazil One Year Away from the October 2026 General Elections

Date de publication
23 October 2025
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Brazil’s general elections will be held on October 4, 2026, to elect the president, vice-president, members of the National Congress, governors, deputy governors and state legislative assemblies. For the presidential and gubernatorial elections, a second round will be held on October 25 if no candidate obtains a majority of the votes in the first round. 

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COP30: An Inflection Point for Climate Action and Governance

Date de publication
21 October 2025
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The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30), opening in Belém, Brazil, on November 10th 2025, convenes at a perilous moment. 

Paul WATKINSON
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The Strategic Dimension of Skills in the Clean Industrial Deal

Date de publication
29 September 2025
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In the competitiveness and energy transition battles, the European Union (EU) must master a determinant factor: skills. 

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The Energy Transition Faces Geopolitical Challenges. How Can Ideological Divides Be Overcome?

Date de publication
18 September 2025
Accroche

President Trump’s positions and policies, combined with record coal consumption and booming global electricity demand, geo-economic confrontation, and widespread concerns about energy security, are changing the game when it comes to understanding realistic decarbonization trajectories. The war in Europe is intensifying competition between defense and transition budgets. This is also the case elsewhere in the world.

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Climate Change Politics in the U.S. - From Rio to Johannesburg