<p class="rtejustify">Over the past few years, citizenship has been profoundly reframed by new anti-immigrant discourses in Western countries, focusing on national identity, multiculturalism, and Islam. During this period, citizenship has shifted from an issue of rights (civil, political, and social) to a matter of values attached to certain national traditions – French "<em>laïcité</em>", the critique of Dutch multiculturalism, national identity in Italy, and Britishness in the UK. However, these public perceptions of immigration and diversity hardly account for many complex realities. The integration of immigrants and their offspring in public institutions (military, schools, hospitals, police forces) and the labor market have imposed the issue of antiracism and discrimination on the agenda. European societies are immigrant societies in which immigrant integration functions as magnifier of profound social transformations concerning the interplay between citizenship and belonging.</p>

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<p class="rtejustify"><a href="/en/recherche/thematiques-transversales/migrations-citoyennetes"><strong>Ifri’s Center for Migration and Citizenship </strong></a>undertakes field-work based empirical studies in collaboration with international experts and scholars, presented in publications and events, with a focus on:</p>

<ul>
<li class="rtejustify">Participation of migrants and their offspring in national institutions through cross-country- (France, Canada, Netherlands, UK, Germany, etc.) and cross-institution comparisons (military, police forces, hospitals);</li>
<li class="rtejustify">Ethnocultural and religious diversity in private companies and trade unions;</li>
<li class="rtejustify">The impact of the Islamic veil politics on Muslim women’s labor participation in France and in Europe;</li>
<li class="rtejustify">The impact of anti-immigrant perceptions on European societies, with a special attention to migration history and memory in each country.</li>
</ul>