<p class="rtejustify">The<strong>&nbsp;Socio-economic Transformation of Africa research axis </strong>whithin <a href="https://www.ifri.org/en/recherche/zones-geographiques/afrique-subsahari… Sub-Saharan Africa Center&nbsp;</strong></a>focuses on African middle-classes, on African cities as a growth factor, on the urbanization of the continent as an element of transformation of African societies as well as on competition for access to land.</p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>