It has revealed the fragility of an ideological construction which had previously been locked into univocal political and institutional practice. The place of religion in the public arena, the recognition of minorities, the balance of powers and political pluralism are all issues that are henceforth openly debated and sometimes settled rapidly in Turkey, albeit at the risk of a certain degree of social disorientation. This begs the question of whether the republican dogma, or maybe a certain vision of the Republic, is weakening. There is no simple answer to this, neither in France nor in Turkey, as in both countries, the socio-political pact is breaking up and reforming in response to globalisation.