Le conflit anglophone au Cameroun. Un dialogue sans partenaires
Le soutien au régime Biya a été imposé pendant plusieurs décennies grâce à l’accord tacite selon lequel les citoyens échangeaient leurs libertés civiques contre la promesse de la paix civile, de l’unité et de l’émergence.
Ces mythes sont aujourd’hui mis en péril par la mauvaise gestion de la crise anglophone, initiée par des revendications d’ordre social battues en brèche par une répression brutale. La crise a depuis muté en conflit armé et les groupes armés ambazoniens, largement formés d’amateurs peu équipés au départ, se radicalisent et étendent leur contrôle du territoire dans les provinces du Nord-Ouest et du Sud-Ouest. Dans ce contexte, la brutalité des forces armées, la haine ethnique et un sérieux coup porté à une économie déjà au ralenti ont ouvert les champs de la contestation au niveau national, et posent le problème de la mauvaise gouvernance, du régime vieillissant et de la haine inter-ethnique. Des initiatives locales ou internationales en faveur du dialogue et de la paix, y compris par des leaders religieux, des mouvements de femmes et la Suisse, ont trouvé à ce jour peu d’écho parmi les belligérants. Alors qu’une victoire militaire de Yaoundé paraît de plus en plus illusoire, les élites occupées par la bataille de l’après-Biya vont-elles saisir la main tendue qui permettrait d’éviter la guerre civile ?
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Le conflit anglophone au Cameroun. Un dialogue sans partenaires
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