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Populism and International Relations

Issues from Politique Etrangère
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Populism is flourishing, in Europe and elsewhere: a populist holds power today in Argentina and perhaps tomorrow in the United States. What does its spread say about our societies? And how is it shaping them, where populists rule? Do their economic policies stand any chance of success? Do their foreign policies have a greater impact on the world around them or at home? If “Trump 2.0” comes to be, will he have a free hand? If so, what can we expect?

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Corps analyses

Does the tragedy in Gaza leave any room for hope? Can the two-state solution, the only rational one, still be implemented? The challenges are daunting: redrawing a geography fractured by colonization; establishing a credible Palestinian voice that can engage in a long negotiation; seeking acceptance in Israeli society; and rallying a range of foreign powers to take concrete action and push for the only remaining solution.

Beyond Ukraine and Gaza, Africa has been serving as a playing field for rival powers of all stripes: while France retreats and the US hesitates, Russia is advancing and several other states are making their presence felt—Turkey, Iran, the Gulf states, Hungary, even Ukraine. The range of opportunist strategies keeps growing, but is there a common geopolitical rationale underlying them all?

In the interview that opens this issue of Politique étrangère, Thierry de Montbrial analyzes an international scene in which the major instruments conceived in recent decades to foster global governance have been undermined. In particular, he considers the effects of the war in Ukraine and the uncertain destiny of the European Union.

This issue is available in French only: Populismes et relations internationales

 

Global Governance, Ukraine, and the European Union: Quo Vadis?, by Thierry de Montbrial

POPULISM AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Populism and the Far Right: What Exactly Do We Mean?, by Jean-Yves Camus

The Diversity and Failures of Economic Populism, by André Cartapanis

What Is a Populist Foreign Policy?, by Sandra Destradi

US Institutions and the “Trump 2” Hypothesis: The Lure of Authoritarianism, by Lauric Henneton

Argentina in the Era of “Mileism”, by Florian Vidal

ISRAEL-PALESTINE: THINKING ABOUT PEACE?

Israel-Palestine: One Solution, Two States, by Élie Barnavi

Israel-Palestine: The Question of Geography, by Michel Foucher

CURRENT AFFAIRS

The Red Sea: A New Geopolitical Era, by Cyrille P. Coutansais

Africa: The New Great Game, by Thierry Vircoulon

Myanmar: Military Victory Unattainable, Negotiated Peace Unlikely?, by Christian Lechervy

BAROMETERS

Paris 2024: The Geopolitics of the Olympic Games, by Jean-Baptiste Guégan

Syria: “Post–Civil War” Reprisals and the Persistence of the Past, by Myriam Benraad

BOOK REVIEWS

Editor: Marc Hecker

L’enchevêtrement des crises au Sahel. Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan

Le djihad de la vache. Pastoralisme et formation de l’État au Mali, Giovanni Zanoletti

Read by Alain Antil

Backfire. How Sanctions Reshape the World Against U.S. Interests, Agathe Demarais

Read by Michel Makinsky

 

Decoration

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ISBN / ISSN

979-10-373-0808-5

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Populism and International Relations

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Security Studies Center
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Heir to a tradition dating back to the founding of Ifri, the Security Studies Center provides public and private decision-makers as well as the general public with the keys to understanding power relations and contemporary modes of conflict as well as those to come. Through its positioning at the juncture of politics and operations, the credibility of its civil-military team and the wide distribution of its publications in French and English, the Center for Security Studies constitutes in the French landscape of think tanks a unique center of research and influence on the national and international defense debate.

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Saudi Arabia’s Nuclear Temptations. Lessons Learned from Regional Instability

Date de publication
11 September 2025
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Saudi Arabia’s integration in the international arena and regional stability, notably through reducing its dependence on fossil energies, are crucial elements for the success of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, the Crown Prince’s top priority. However, Mohammed bin Salman’s declarations in 2018 and 2021, indicating that “if Iran develops a nuclear bomb, we will follow suit as soon as possible”, combined with the recent strikes on key Iranian nuclear facilities, do not bode well for the future of the Kingdom, the region and the non-proliferation regime at large.

Nour EID
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The Future of Air Superiority. Command of the Air in High Intensity Warfare

Date de publication
24 January 2025
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Air superiority, understood as control of the air, is a cornerstone of the Western art of warfare. It is a decisive condition, albeit not sufficient by itself, to achieve military victory, as it enables the concentration of air power toward the achievement of wider strategic objectives and protects other components from unbearable attrition levels. It is best achieved through the offensive use of air power in a joint effort to neutralize the enemy’s air power.

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Europe Uncovered?

Date de publication
09 September 2025
Accroche

As Russia continues to threaten Europe, the Trump administration is making no secret of its desire to withdraw—at least partially—from the defense of the Old
Continent in order to focus on strategic competition with China. It is thus putting pressure on its European allies to increase their investment in the military sector. The NATO Summit in The Hague in June 2025 resulted in ambitious commitments by member states to increase their defense spending.

Élie TENENBAUM Guillaume GARNIER
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How should Britain and France cooperate to realise the Northwood Declaration?

Date de publication
18 July 2025
Accroche

During his state visit to the United Kingdom (UK) last week, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, signed a joint declaration with Sir Keir Starmer, Prime Minister, on nuclear cooperation between Britain and France. The Northwood Declaration highlights that while both countries’ nuclear arsenals remain sovereign, cooperation on nuclear deterrence can ‘contribute significantly’ to the security of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the Euro-Atlantic region.

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