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The religious factor is not welcome in Western social sciences, particularly in theories of international relations. Yet religion has not disappeared with the 20th century’s secularization: it has merely adapted to a new environment. The religious factor is today broadly reappearing, encouraging theories of international relations to reintegrate it, particularly in the analyses of conflicting dynamics.Jonathan Fox is Lecturer at the Political Studies Deprtment of Bar Ilan university (Israel). His works deal with civil and ethnical conflicts as with religion interactions onto international relations. His last book, published with S. Sandler, is Religion in World Conflict (Londres, Routledge, 2006).