The European Union has suddenly grasped the true cost of its dependence on Russian hydrocarbons and, since then, has been trying to accelerate the diversification of its supplies and its energy mix. It will also have to learn to reduce its consumption. Outside Europe, the imperatives of energy security seem to be taking precedence over climate targets.

Marc-Antoine Eyl-Mazzega is director of Ifri’s Center for Energy & Climate.

Article published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 87, No. 2, Summer 2022.