Gulf States: A Paradoxical Economic Lifeline for Sudan
For decades, Gulf states have provided crucial financial assistance to Sudan. Gulf interest in Sudan is driven by economic benefits and geopolitical competition, though each country has its own interests and approach.
On the other hand, the Gulf’s appeal to Sudan is three-fold. First, they have quickly available money when others are shying away. In recent years, Gulf states have become the primary sources of foreign direct investment and first trade partners. Second, their indifference toward sanctions has helped the government and Sudanese businesses to navigate the difficult twenty years of American sanctions. Third, while Sudan’s conflicts are ignored by everyone, Gulf countries are ready to mediate.
Yet, Gulf economic engagement in Sudan has created an unbalanced situation where Sudan was obliged to give political and economic concessions against the Gulf cash largesse. This vital source of money has helped to consolidate and prolong the authoritarian regimes of Jaafer Mohamed Nimeiri and Omar Hassan al-Bashir. The current conflict has interrupted the Gulf projects and shrank private investment. Still, it is unlikely to halt the Gulf economic engagement in Sudan, at least because Sudan could leverage their food insecurity and the Red Sea threats.
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Gulf States: A Paradoxical Economic Lifeline for Sudan
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